refactor: 优化配置管理和异常处理

- 添加YAML配置文件支持
- 改进camera_manager异常处理
- 添加类型提示和URL验证
- 完善依赖注入支持测试
- 新增健康检查API端点

app/config.py

@@ -1,76 +1,170 @@
 """
 配置文件
+支持YAML配置和.env环境变量
 """
 import os
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+from urllib.parse import urlparse
+
+import yaml
 from dotenv import load_dotenv
 
 # 加载环境变量
 load_dotenv()
 
-# 基础URL（必须设置）
+# 配置文件路径
+CONFIG_FILE = os.getenv("CONFIG_FILE", "config.yaml")
+
+
+def _validate_url(url: str, field_name: str) -> None:
+    """验证URL格式"""
+    if not url:
+        raise ValueError(f"环境变量 {field_name} 未设置")
+    
+    parsed = urlparse(url)
+    if not all([parsed.scheme, parsed.netloc]):
+        raise ValueError(f"{field_name} 格式不正确: {url}")
+
+
+def _load_yaml_config() -> Optional[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """加载YAML配置文件"""
+    if os.path.exists(CONFIG_FILE):
+        with open(CONFIG_FILE, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
+            return yaml.safe_load(f)
+    return None
+
+
+def _get_config_value(
+    yaml_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
+    env_key: str,
+    yaml_path: List[str],
+    default: Any = None,
+    validator: Optional[callable] = None
+) -> Any:
+    """获取配置值，优先级：环境变量 > YAML配置 > 默认值"""
+    # 1. 优先从环境变量获取
+    env_value = os.getenv(env_key)
+    if env_value is not None:
+        return env_value
+    
+    # 2. 其次从YAML配置获取
+    if yaml_config:
+        value = yaml_config
+        for key in yaml_path:
+            if isinstance(value, dict) and key in value:
+                value = value[key]
+            else:
+                value = None
+                break
+        
+        if value is not None:
+            if validator:
+                validator(value)
+            return value
+    
+    # 3. 使用默认值
+    return default
+
+
+def _get_int_value(yaml_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]], env_key: str, yaml_path: List[str], default: int) -> int:
+    """获取整数配置值"""
+    value = _get_config_value(yaml_config, env_key, yaml_path, str(default))
+    try:
+        return int(value)
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return default
+
+
+def _get_bool_value(yaml_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]], env_key: str, yaml_path: List[str], default: bool) -> bool:
+    """获取布尔配置值"""
+    value = _get_config_value(yaml_config, env_key, yaml_path, str(default).lower())
+    return value.lower() == "true"
+
+
+# 加载YAML配置
+yaml_config = _load_yaml_config()
+
+# 验证并获取BASE_URL
 BASE_URL = os.getenv("BASE_URL")
-if BASE_URL is None:
-    raise ValueError("环境变量 BASE_URL 未设置")
+if BASE_URL is None and yaml_config:
+    BASE_URL = _get_config_value(yaml_config, "BASE_URL", ["camera", "base_url"])
+_validate_url(BASE_URL, "BASE_URL")
+
 CAMERA_URL = f"{BASE_URL}/adaops/blank-layout/camera-view"
 
-# 摄像头配置（可以从YAML/JSON加载，这里先硬编码）
-CAMERAS = [
-    {
-        'id': 1,
-        'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-251',
-        'camera': 'mixed',
-        'name': '1号车',
-        'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-251&camera=mixed"
-    },
-    {
-        'id': 2,
-        'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-2',
-        'camera': 'mixed',
-        'name': '2号车',
-        'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-2&camera=mixed"
-    },
-    {
-        'id': 3,
-        'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-3',
-        'camera': 'mixed',
-        'name': '3号车',
-        'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-3&camera=mixed"
-    },
-    {
-        'id': 4,
-        'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-5',
-        'camera': 'mixed',
-        'name': '5号车',
-        'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-5&camera=mixed"
-    },
-    {
-        'id': 5,
-        'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-6',
-        'camera': 'mixed',
-        'name': '6号车',
-        'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-6&camera=mixed"
-    },
-    {
-        'id': 6,
-        'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-7',
-        'camera': 'mixed',
-        'name': '7号车',
-        'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-7&camera=mixed"
-    }
-]
-
-# Flask配置（必须设置）
-DEBUG_STR = os.getenv("FLASK_DEBUG")
-if DEBUG_STR is None:
-    raise ValueError("环境变量 FLASK_DEBUG 未设置")
-DEBUG = DEBUG_STR.lower() == "true"
+# 摄像头配置
+def _load_cameras() -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+    """加载摄像头配置"""
+    if yaml_config and "cameras" in yaml_config:
+        cameras = yaml_config["cameras"]
+        # 如果cameras中没有url字段，自动生成
+        for camera in cameras:
+            if 'url' not in camera:
+                room = camera.get('room', '')
+                cam = camera.get('camera', 'mixed')
+                camera['url'] = f"{CAMERA_URL}?room={room}&camera={cam}"
+        return cameras
+    
+    # 硬编码后备配置（不推荐使用）
+    return [
+        {
+            'id': 1,
+            'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-251',
+            'camera': 'mixed',
+            'name': '1号车',
+            'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-251&camera=mixed"
+        },
+        {
+            'id': 2,
+            'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-2',
+            'camera': 'mixed',
+            'name': '2号车',
+            'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-2&camera=mixed"
+        },
+        {
+            'id': 3,
+            'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-3',
+            'camera': 'mixed',
+            'name': '3号车',
+            'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-3&camera=mixed"
+        },
+        {
+            'id': 4,
+            'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-5',
+            'camera': 'mixed',
+            'name': '5号车',
+            'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-5&camera=mixed"
+        },
+        {
+            'id': 5,
+            'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-6',
+            'camera': 'mixed',
+            'name': '6号车',
+            'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-6&camera=mixed"
+        },
+        {
+            'id': 6,
+            'room': 'cnfzhjyg-igv-7',
+            'camera': 'mixed',
+            'name': '7号车',
+            'url': f"{CAMERA_URL}?room=cnfzhjyg-igv-7&camera=mixed"
+        }
+    ]
 
 
-PORT_STR = os.getenv("PORT")
-if PORT_STR is None:
-    raise ValueError("环境变量 PORT 未设置")
-PORT = int(PORT_STR)
+CAMERAS: List[Dict[str, Any]] = _load_cameras()
 
-HOST = os.getenv("HOST")
-if HOST is None:
-    raise ValueError("环境变量 HOST 未设置")
+# Flask配置
+DEBUG: bool = _get_bool_value(yaml_config, "FLASK_DEBUG", ["app", "debug"], False)
+PORT: int = _get_int_value(yaml_config, "PORT", ["app", "port"], 5000)
+HOST: str = _get_config_value(yaml_config, "HOST", ["app", "host"], "0.0.0.0")
+
+# 验证HOST
+if not HOST:
+    raise ValueError("环境变量 HOST 未设置")
+
+# 日志配置
+LOG_LEVEL: str = _get_config_value(yaml_config, "LOG_LEVEL", ["logging", "level"], "INFO")
+LOG_FILE: str = _get_config_value(yaml_config, "LOG_FILE", ["logging", "file"], "logs/multi_camera.log")
+LOG_MAX_BYTES: int = _get_int_value(yaml_config, "LOG_MAX_BYTES", ["logging", "max_bytes"], 10485760)
+LOG_BACKUP_COUNT: int = _get_int_value(yaml_config, "LOG_BACKUP_COUNT", ["logging", "backup_count"], 10)